I am looking for a dataset that provides me with one (or a few, e.g. summer and winter average day temperature) average temperature per year per country. I am aware that there are quite a few ways this could be calculated (and I can provide further details on what my preference would be), but any dataset that provides me with one (or a few) temperature datapoint per country per year would likely be useful.
(I would prefer each temperature to be an average over major cities or over the population, but a value for the capital or averaged over the area of the country would probably also work. The dataset should be fairly complete (200+ countries, all years 1990-2012). Preferred temperature would be Dry Bulb Temperature. I am aware of http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?d=CLINO , but using that would likely require looking up the GIS data for weather stations and cities in each country. Ideally I would like to avoid GIS and simply be able to look up temperatures based on country name.)