Querying Wikidata : WDQ vs. WDQS / SPARQL

Question

I'm new to Wikidata and I'm wanting to query it. The official page list several promising syntax / APIs :

• WDQ "Wikidata Query" syntax : http://wdq.wmflabs.org/api_documentation.html

• SPARQL syntax via WDQS "Wikidata Query Service" endpoint : https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Wikidata_Query_Service_.28WDQS.29

The WDQ syntax seems more concise, ex :

• WDQ : CLAIM[31:6465] AND NOCLAIM[576] vs.
• SPARQL (same query) : prefix wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/> prefix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q6465 . OPTIONAL { ?item wdt:P576 ?dummy0 } FILTER(!bound(?dummy0)) }

However, reading https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Wikidata_Query_Service_.28WDQS.29 I'm under the impression that WDQ is an unofficial experiment and that SPARQL is the official query syntax.

So is there an official or preferred way of querying wikidata ? Is it safe to invest in WDQ or should I go SPARQL ?

Answer 1

I'm the developer of WDQ. It was developed as a stop-gap measure, until Wikidata would get its own query service. That took some years, but now we have SPARQL and https://query.wikidata.org/ so I plan to retire WDQ in the not-too-distant future. I strongly recommend you go for SPARQL, even if it seems a little verbose at first.

Answer 2

You can abbreviate SPARQL by expanding a given query fragment with default namespace definitions and other options. For instance the wikidata query command line client expands

wdq -tplanet '?planet wdt:P31 wd:Q44559; wdt:P397 ?sun'

to this SPARQL query

PREFIX bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#>
SELECT * WHERE {
    ?planet wdt:P31 wd:Q44559 .
    ?planet wdt:P397 ?sun .
    SERVICE wikibase:label {
        bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en" .
        ?planet rdfs:label ?planetLabel .
        ?planet schema:description ?planetDescription .
    }
}

Answer 3

As Magnus Manske points out, SPARQL is the preferred way since, I would add, SPARQL is standardized BUT, here is the downside:

The SPARQL endpoint, at this point in time, is NOT as reliable as WDQ yet, for example a query like this:

https://wdq.wmflabs.org/api?q=tree[729][150][171,273,75,76,77,70,71,74,89]

Which returns all animals in wikidata, takes 15 seconds to complete as WDQ query, and the equivalent (via https:// tools.wmflabs.org/wdq2sparql/w2s.php) in SPARQL:

prefix wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
prefix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?item WHERE {
  ?tree0 (wdt:P150)* ?item .
  ?tree0 (wdt:P171|wdt:P273|wdt:P75|wdt:P76|wdt:P77|wdt:P70|wdt:P71|wdt:P74|wdt:P89)* wd:Q729 .
}

Times out HORRIBLY (test it!).

My advice is to follow Magnus advice to invest in SPARQL, but if you are serious about using this in your project, I'll add a abstraction layer and be prepared to failed queries. (which you should do anyway).

Edit:

Despite of this, WDQ seems more unstable, at least from the availability perspective (maybe it´s just the wmflabs.org domain, or whatever, but here are the unfiltered results) :