augment/enrich latitude longitude data

Question

I am looking for ways to augment/enrich latitude longitude data, to obtain for example information like this (for the EU/Europe and the UK):

• rural/urban area
• distance to lake/sea
• distance to nearest town/village
• number of restaurants nearby

I tried some basic Python code to use :

import geocoder

g = geocoder.osm([45,-75], method='reverse')
print(g)

This returns:

<[OK] Osm - Reverse [Ault Drive, Ingleside, South Stormont, Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Counties, Eastern Ontario, Ontario, K0C 1M0, Canada]>

so not useful for my use case. What else could I explore, please?

Answer 1

I'm actually working on a project like this (feel free to contact me directly for more details) and here are some sources I know above and beyond OpenStreetMap:

• Coastal distance: https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/distfromcoast/ (caveat: treats inland seas, such as the Caspian Sea, as land)

• More accurate coastal distance (but you have to calculate it yourself, I used GRASS GIS): http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pwessel/gshhg/

• Land cover/use data (rural vs urban for example):

  • https://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/news/NasaNews/ReleaseImages/LCC/

  • https://www.gsi.go.jp/kankyochiri/gm_global_e.html under "Land Cover (GLCNMO)

  • https://www.esa-landcover-cci.org/?q=node/158

• Elevation data: https://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/

• Animal habitat data: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/spatial-data-download (may require free login to actually download linked data)

• Climate data: http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/

• Population count and density:

  • https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/collection/gpw-v4

  • https://data.worldpop.org/GIS/Population/Global_2000_2020/ (see https://data.worldpop.org/ or https://data.humdata.org/ for more general information)

• Ethnicity data: https://icr.ethz.ch/data/epr/#geoepr

• Solar energy availability: https://energydata.info/dataset/world-photovoltaic-power-potential-pvout-gis-data-global-solar-atlas

• https://www.naturalearthdata.com/ has lots of free data of various types though it's at lower resolution that some of the more specific sites above

• For completeness, there are many sources of weather data at Sources of weather data but, if you're looking for general properties of a given latitude/longitude, you're almost certainly more interested in climate, not weather

• I do have other data, but it's fairly obscure and probably uninteresting.